清代藏传佛教宗喀巴铜造像 　　Bronze statues of Tibetan Buddhism in Qing Dynasty 　　藏传佛教是佛教的重要分支,在佛教中具有重要地位。到了清代,由格鲁派为代表的藏传佛教发展到一个巅峰时期。藏传佛教有诸多的表现形式,其中金铜造像可谓zui具代表性的藏佛艺术。能工巧匠们通过冶炼、翻砂、鎏刻、磨光等工序,将各具特色的度母、观音等神佛像呈现在世人面前。 　　Tibetan Buddhism is an important branch of Buddhism and plays an important role in Buddhism. In the Qing Dynasty, Tibetan Buddhism represented by the Gru School developed to a peak period. Tibetan Buddhism has many forms of expression, among which the bronze statue is the most representative Tibetan Buddha art. Skilled craftsmen through smelting, turning sand, gilding, polishing and other processes, will have their own unique degrees mother, Quan yin and other god Buddha statues in front of the world. 　　藏传佛教是佛教的重要分支,在佛教中具有重要地位。到了清代,由格鲁派为代表的藏传佛教发展到一个巅峰时期。藏传佛教有诸多的表现形式,其中金铜造像可谓zui具代表性的藏佛艺术。能工巧匠们通过冶炼、翻砂、鎏刻、磨光等工序,将各具特色的度母、观音等神佛像呈现在世人面前。 　　Tibetan Buddhism is an important branch of Buddhism and plays an important role in Buddhism. In the Qing Dynasty, Tibetan Buddhism represented by the Gru School developed to a peak period. Tibetan Buddhism has many forms of expression, among which the bronze statue is the most representative Tibetan Buddha art. Skilled craftsmen through smelting, turning sand, gilding, polishing and other processes, will have their own unique degrees mother, Quan yin and other god Buddha statues in front of the world. 　　此铜像为宗喀巴铜造像，该像为黄铜材质，但其包浆老厚，说明其年代久远，也时常受人祭拜，其像也意义声远。 　　This bronze statue is made of Zongkaba copper, which is made of brass, but it is thick and thick, indicating that it has a long history and is often worshiped by people, and it also has a long meaning. 　　宗喀巴本名罗桑扎巴。三岁时受近事戒，七岁出家，学佛九年，十六岁进藏，经常进行讲经活动，早有声誉。当时，各戒律松弛，不得人心，宗喀巴决意进行宗教改革。明洪武二十一年（1388年），他与弟子改戴黄色僧帽，以重视戒律为号召，被称为黄帽派。先后写出《菩提道次第广论》、《密宗道次第广论》，力求纠正各教派流弊。永乐七年初，宗喀巴于拉萨发起大祈愿法会，并于拉萨东北修建甘丹寺，以噶当派教义为基础，正式建立格鲁派。十二年，明成祖朱棣派人进藏召请宗喀巴进京，他派弟子释迦也失代替自己前往北京朝贡，在中原传教。十七年也就是1419年(明成祖永乐十七年)，宗喀巴在拉萨甘丹寺圆寂，时年63岁 　　Zongkaba), formerly known as Rosanzaba. When he was three years old, he became a monk at the age of seven. He studied Buddhism for nine years and entered Tibet at the age of 16. He had a reputation as a regular lecturer. At that time, the precepts were loose and unpopular, and Zongkaba was determined to carry out religious reform. Ming Hongwu 21 yearshe and his disciples changed to wear yellow monk hat, to pay attention to the precepts as a call, known as the yellow hat school. In order to correct the evils of various denominations, we have written Bodhi Dharma and Mizong Dharma. At the beginning of seven years in Yongle, Zongkaba initiated a great prayer society in Lhasa, and built a Gandan temple in the northeast of Lhasa, and Ikadang sectarian On the basis of righteousness, the Gru School was formally established. Twelve years, Ming Cheng Zu Zhu Di sent people into Tibet to call Zongkaba into Beijing, he sent disciple Shi Jia also lost himself to Beijing tribute, preach in the Central Plains. Seventeen years, that isMing Cheng Zu Yong Le Seventeen years), Zongkaba fell silent at Gandan Temple in Lhasa, when he was 63 years old. 　　宗喀巴是藏传佛教格鲁派的创立者、佛教理论家。在中国西藏、青海、内蒙、甘肃、北京、山西、河北等地区的佛教寺院里，都有宗喀巴大师塑像，有的是泥塑涂金，有的是以铜质鎏金制成。。圆寂时，将自己的衣帽传给贾曹杰，于是贾曹杰继承了甘丹寺住持之位。藏传佛教史上将宗喀巴大师、贾曹杰、克主杰合称为"师徒三尊"。 　　Zongkaba is the founder of the Gru sect of Tibetan Buddhism and a Buddhist theorist. In Buddhist monasteries in Tibet, Qinghai, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Beijing, Shanxi, Hebei and other areas in China, there are statues of Master Zongkaba, some clay and gold, and others are made of copper gilding gold. When the round silence, pass their own clothes and hats to Jia Cao Jie, so Jia Cao Jie inherited the abbot of Gandan Temple. In the history of Tibetan Buddhism, Zongkaba master, Jia Cao Jie, Ke master Jiehe called "master and apostle three respects." 　　宗喀巴在藏传佛教中地位极高，被信徒视作文殊菩萨的化身，其左右肩莲花上的经箧与宝剑便是此身份的象征。此尊宗喀巴面相庄严，双眉细长，双目微阖。头戴尖顶通人帽，身着交领式僧衣，外披福田袈裟，是西藏僧人的典型装束。衣着厚重写实，富有层次感。宗喀巴双手持莲花茎于胸前结说法印，手指刻画柔软逼真，躯体端正挺直，结全跏趺坐于华丽的莲座上，莲座束腰，仰覆式花瓣饱满秀长，制作精细。造像见肉部分泥金，衣着满饰嵌金花纹，华丽尊贵。艺人用精湛的艺术手法完美地再现出了一代宗师饱学多知、伟岸博大的精神气质。 　　Zongkaba is very high in Tibetan Buddhism and is regarded by believers as the incarnation of Manshu Bodhisattva. This Zongkaba face is solemn, the eyebrows are slender and the eyes are closed. Wearing a pinnacle cap, a collar-style robe, and a Fukuda cassock, is typical of Tibetan monks. The clothes are thick and realistic, full of layers. Zongkaba hand-held lotus stem on the chest knot printing, finger depicting soft and realistic, body straight, full knot sitting on the gorgeous rosette, rosette bundle waist, covered petals full and long, fine production. The figure shows some mud gold in meat, dressed in gold pattern and adorned with gold. Oh, gorgeous and noble. Artists with exquisite artistic techniques perfect reproduction of a generation of master learned, great spiritual temperament.