发布时间:2015-06-01 16:16:45
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瓷胎画珐琅是珐琅彩瓷的正式名称,是汉族陶瓷艺术之瑰宝。将画珐琅技法移植到瓷胎上的一种釉上彩瓷。珐琅彩瓷的装饰工艺,即珐琅彩,也称为瓷胎画珐琅是专为清代宫廷御用而特制的一种精细彩绘瓷器,部分产品也用于犒赏功臣,其高超的烧造水平和不朽的艺术价值,充分体现了古代汉族劳动人民的卓越才能和和艺术创造力。据清宫造办处的文献档案记载,其为康熙帝授意之下,由造办处珐琅作的匠师将铜胎画珐琅之技法成功地移植到瓷胎上而创制的新瓷器品种。
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御制珐琅彩杏林春燕图盌 成交价15132万
珐琅彩三阳开泰笔筒 成交价9890万
珐琅彩荣华富贵灯笼尊 成交价8400万
御制珐琅彩图纸搥瓶 成交价14066万
珐琅彩西洋人物纹观音瓶 成交价9775万
珐琅彩题诗过墙梅竹纹盘 成交价8252万
相传历史上在我国江西瓷都附近,曾有一产胡姓人家,世代烧瓷为生。他家的瓷制品因 为精美得到了百姓的欢迎,也就惊动了官府。乾隆南巡时他的臣子将胡姓制瓷献给皇上,得到皇上大大赞美。大臣想让胡姓人进宫专为皇上和皇宫制瓷。 因为种种原因姓胡的不愿意进宫,于是大臣们在宫里特设一个窑,按照胡姓人的烧制方法烧制出了精美的珐琅彩瓷器。为了表宫里与民间的不同,也为了显示这种瓷器的出处,有人就将“胡”字拆开,将专为宫中烧的这种珐琅彩瓷器叫做 “古月轩”。
珐琅彩的彩料还有“洋为中用”的成分。五彩和粉彩中都不含的化学成份“硼”珐琅彩 中有:珐琅彩中含“砷”;康熙前的瓷器中黄色为氧化铁,而珐琅彩中黄色的成分是氧化锑; 珐琅彩还有用康熙前没见过的胶体金着色的金红。上述化学成分分析说明了珐琅彩是国外引 入的,文字上也有记载,宫中原名《瓷胎画珐琅》的档案于乾隆八年改名《瓷胎洋彩》由此可见珐琅彩确是欧洲进口,由此更可见康熙帝国时中外文化与贸易交往的盛况。
雍正初年时珐琅彩绘变化不大,构图仍是呆板的对称,但写生画开始多了起来,有了些活力,背景地仍是胭脂红、黄、蓝、白等色。到了雍正中期,“院画”的工笔画在整个社会流行开来,很得雍正皇帝的赏识。珐琅彩瓷器的画工们迎合皇帝的好恶,在珐琅彩瓷器上以 “院画”为底稿,开始“勾、画、皱、染”,这也是珐琅彩瓷器独有的。绘画题材多为寓意深刻的芙蓉鸳鸯、灵芝水仙、锦鸡牡丹、梅兰竹菊、翠竹麻雀、秋树八哥等,更有各种山水楼阁画面。因为雍正本人喜欢水墨及设色山水,所以这些画中就有用赫,墨、蓝单色或两种颜色画的,极为淡雅清丽。
色料特点。每一图案均由多种色料调配而成。其料彩表面光滑有玻璃质反光感,有时还可反射蛤蜊光,十分美观。釉料均凸出底釉略高出一毫米左右,有明显的立体感,闭眼用手摸可明显感觉到,若用十倍放大镜看可在每一片小花、小叶上看到极小的开片纹。这一现象用肉眼看不出,这也是最重要的一个特征。
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today's ceramic Mogu faking the highest origin must be Jingdezhen, where skilled craftsmen gathered up all the world.
Finally, a feature of the market is prosperous. The Northern Song Dynasty, the late Ming Dynasty, the late Qing Dynasty to the early years of the Republic of Kangxi and Qianlong, and today, the five period is the market very prosperous period.
I watched a CCTV news broadcast, said that China now has collection lovers, people, this is a digital very large, very wonderful.
We understand the hot collection of ancient, there will be such a problem, why not hot collection before Tang Dynasty The Tang Dynasty is one of, Tang Taizong! But we should know, that is the emperor's collection, it does not reflect the folk. The Tang Dynasty society, its culture is open, it is not a convergence type society. Today's culture is just setting in later in the song dynasty. From historian's point of view, the culture of Song Dynasty is a foundation of culture of one thousand years Chinese feudal society, neo-Confucianism standardized Chinese life criterion. Before the Song Dynasty, the ancient people's life is very different from today; the song to the Ming this period, does not have the too big change Chinese way of life.
The Song Dynasty is a type of convergence of society, there is a kind of gathering ideas on culture, collection of hot formed. Especially with Song Huizong such an emperor. The emperor political mediocrity, art is very good. He made a very beautiful style, called "the skinny body". Create a style of calligraphy is a very difficult thing, especially in the song dynasty. As we know, all calligraphy works before the Song Dynasty established, no matter what you write, it is very difficult to go beyond these fonts. Song Huizong as a king, love art, skinny body, he created, we went to the museum today you can see.
The Song Dynasty rulers, flaunt their own world to
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